Fight for the Independence against Spanish

Leaders of Revolutionary

Flag of Kapitunan

  The fight for the independence of Philippines starts from Philippine revolution(1896~1898). Spain was controlling Philippines for more than 300 years when the revolution first occurred (C).In the 19th century, the middle class of Philippines started to feel importance of the independence. As a consequence of this importance, the martyrdom of three Filipino priests - Jose Burgos, Mariano Gomez, and Jacinto Zamora started the anti-Spanish sentiment.
  In 1892, under the leader Andres Bonificio (a self-educated warehouse clergy), Philippines revolutionaries formed The Katipunan. The Katipunan was an organized secreted revolutionary society with 100,000 members by Aug 1896 (B). In 1897, Emilio Aguinaldo and Kapitunan fought against Spanish army in Manila but failed in defeating them. Also, his troops were pushed back into the mountains southeast of Manila. However, Aguinaldo exiled Hong Kong for 400,000 pesos and the pact of Biak-na-Bato was proclaimed in Dec 15,1897. Moreover, he gets promise from Spain about the substantial government reform (A). 
  Finally, Spain's rule in the Philippines came to a close in 1898 but US started to control Philippines from then. Emilio Aguinaldo began new revolution against US but US Army captured him in 1901 and the revolution came to the end (B).

Revolutionary congress of 1898